陆地和海洋的大气微塑料排放
Atmospheric Microplastic Emissions from Land and Ocean
Atmospheric Microplastic Emissions from Land and Ocean
来自奥地利的研究人员通过全球大气微塑料实测数据与模型模拟结果对比，校正了陆地与海洋的大气微塑料排放尺度。
为解决当前大气微塑料排放估算存在数量级偏差、陆海排放贡献认知不清，且实测数据与模型模拟结果不匹配等问题，研究人员汇总了2014年至2024年间76项研究、283个点位的2782组大气微塑料浓度与沉降实测数据，对现有排放清单和模型模拟结果进行校正。结果显示，现有模型对全球大气微塑料中位数浓度的估值比实测值高出2至4个数量级，且陆地上空的微塑料中位数浓度（0.08 个/m³）远高于海洋上空（0.003 个/m³）。经校正后，全球陆地大气微塑料年排放量为 6.1×10¹?个（0.0005 Tg），海洋为 2.6×10¹?个（0.004 Tg）。研究表明，陆地是微塑料排放的主要源头，未来研究需重点厘清微塑料排放的粒径分布特征，并拓展对更小粒径微塑料和纳米塑料的研究。
此篇名为《Atmospheric microplastic emissions from land and ocean》的文章被发表在2026年1月的《Nature》期刊。
Researchers from Austria compiled a global dataset of atmospheric microplastic measurements and compared them with size-aligned model simulations.
The abstract is as follows:
Microplastics (MPs) are global pollutants, yet their atmospheric distribution is poorly understood. Although atmospheric MP measurements have become more abundant, estimates of emissions into the atmosphere vary by orders of magnitude. Here we compile a global atmospheric MPs dataset and compare it with size-aligned MP model simulations. Our model simulations show two to four orders of magnitude overestimation of the measured global median atmospheric MP concentrations. Measured median concentrations over the ocean are 27 times lower than over the land (0.003 and 0.08 particles m−3, respectively). Applying a simple scaling method, we estimate that oceanic emissions are lower in number than land-based emissions. The total global land-based and oceanic emissions are 6.1 × 1017 (1.3 × 1017 to 1.1 × 1018) particles year−1 and 2.6 × 1016 (2.7 × 1015 to 5.0 × 1016) particles year−1, respectively. Our results indicate that fewer MP particles are emitted into the atmosphere than previously thought. Land sources dominate the number but not the mass emissions, indicating that MPs emission size distributions should be investigated further.