亚太中心参加塑料污染国际文书政府间谈判委员会第二届会议-2023年-海洋废塑料及微塑料管理能力建设

亚太中心参加塑料污染国际文书政府间谈判委员会第二届会议
BCRC China participated in the second session of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for an International Instrument on Plastic Pollution

2023年5月29日-6月2日，旨在制定一项具有法律约束力的塑料污染（包括海洋环境中的塑料污染）国际文书的政府间谈判委员会（简称“INC”）第二届会议在位于法国巴黎的联合国教育、科学及文化组织（教科文组织，UNESCO）总部召开。本次会议是应第五届联合国环境大会通过的题为“结束塑料污染：制定具有法律约束力的国际文书”的第 5/14 号决议要求召开，来自全球169个国家、欧盟等经济一体化组织及300余个观察员组织的1600余名代表参加了会议。亚太中心助理主任赵娜娜、综合办公室主任谭全银、技术助理魏凡作为中国代表团成员参加会议，并指导清华大学环境学院全球环境国际班（GEP）和全球环境胜任力硕士项目（GELP）学生沈俐伶、Junaid Muhammad、谢璨阳和孙若水以亚太中心观察员身份参会学习。

本届会议主要就INC-1会议遗留的主席团成员选举和议事规则问题，以及国际文书的编写工作进行了细致讨论。大会首先通过无记名投票表决选举来自东欧国家组以及西欧和其他国家组的副主席，确定了全部主席团成员。就议事规则草案（第37条、第38条）的临时适用问题，经全体会议、不限成员名额磋商和非正式讨论的协商，最终达成谅解，在大会报告中加入了反映不同意见的解释性声明。此后，大会设立了两个接触组，根据由秘书处基于成员国意见编写的国际文书潜在要素备选方案文件（UNEP/PP/INC.2/4）讨论国际文书的编写工作，确定达成共识的领域并缩小潜在备选方案的范围。其中，第一接触组重点探讨文书的目标与实质性义务所载要素，第二接触组重点探讨执行手段、执行措施与其他事项所载要素。代表们就各议题发表了观点，并授权主席和秘书处根据各方观点准备一份国际文书的“零草案”（zero draft），作为INC-3谈判的基础。同时，为达成在2024年完成国际文书制定的目标，代表们特别强调了闭会期间工作的重要性，并就此议题展开讨论。

在会议准备阶段和谈判过程中，亚太中心参会代表在聚合物生产限制、化学添加剂限制、淘汰有问题的塑料制品、塑料替代、塑料废物管理等子议题为中国代表团提供了有力技术支持，在大会和接触组的谈判中发挥了重要作用，积极捍卫了我国在谈判中的各项权益。

The second session of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) to develop a legally binding international instrument on plastic pollution, including in the Marine Environment, took place on 29 May - 2 June 2023 at the headquarters of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Paris, France. The meeting was convened in response to resolution 5/14 of the Fifth session of the United Nations Environment Assembly entitled "Ending Plastic Pollution: Developing a legally binding international instrument" and was attended by more than 1,600 delegates from 169 countries, economic integration organizations such as the European Union and more than 300 observer organizations. Zhao Nana, Assistant Director of BCRC China, Tan Quanyin, Chief of General Office of BCRC China, and Wei Fan, Technical Assistant of BCRC China, attended the meeting as members of the Chinese delegation, and guided the students of the Global Environment International Class (GEP) and the Master of Global Environmental Competency Program (GELP) of Tsinghua University, including Shen Liling, Junaid Muhammad, Xie Canyang and Sun Ruoshui, to participate in BCRC China as observers.

The session was dominated by detailed discussions on the election of officers and the rules of procedure inherited from INC-1, as well as on the preparation of international instruments. The Conference began with the election of the Vice-Presidents from the Group of Eastern European States and the Group of Western European and Other States by secret ballot, which established the full Bureau. Consultations in plenary, open-ended consultations and informal discussions on the provisional application of the draft rules of procedure (rules 37, 38) culminated in an understanding that an interpretative statement reflecting the different views would be included in the report of the Conference. Thereafter, the Conference established two contact groups to discuss the preparation of an international instrument on the basis of a paper on options for potential elements of an international instrument prepared by the Secretariat on the basis of the views of member States (UNEP/PP/INC.2/4), identifying areas of consensus and narrowing down the range of potential options. The first contact group focused on the elements contained in the objective and substantive obligations of the instrument, while the second focused on the elements contained in means of implementation, enforcement measures and other matters. Delegates expressed their views on the various issues and mandated the Chair and the secretariat to prepare a ‘zero draft’ of an international instrument based on the views expressed, which would serve as the basis for the INC-3 negotiations. At the same time, the importance of intersessional work was highlighted and discussed with a view to achieving the goal of completing the international instrument by 2024.

During the preparatory phase of the Conference and the negotiation process, representatives of BCRC China provided strong technical support to the Chinese delegation on such sub-topics as restrictions on polymer production, restrictions on chemical additives, phasing out problematic plastic products, plastic substitution and plastic waste management, and played an important role in the negotiations of the General Assembly and the contact group, actively defending the rights and interests of China in the negotiations.